Research Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Assignment - Research Paper Example A concluding portion would summarize points that were discussed and future thrusts for research on the subject. One of the most frequently researched topic focuses on leadership. The evolution of theories and concepts proposed and promulgated by various scholars and practitioners have undergone constant and continuous development until contemporary times. Aside from the traditional thrusts delving into leadership styles, characteristics or best practices in famous organizations, one of the controversial issues confounding leadership is the effect or influence of gender, among other demographic factors. Leadership concepts and contemporary theories evaluate the effect of gender in leadership in terms of according the benefits, prerogatives, and even challenges on equal terms. In this regard, the essay aims to proffer a review of related literature on the topic of gender in leadership. Relevant research studies on the subject would be analyzed where significant points would hereby be cited and highlighted to reveal diverse viewpoints on gender in leadership. According to the research study conducted by Gedney which is aimed to determine a relationship or link between gender and leadership effectiveness from her personal experience in the military, she initially provided crucial qualities identified from effective leaders. Her findings divulged that â€Å"leadership effectiveness is not gender-specific, but there seem to be many attributes that are found in both males and females that lend themselves to becoming an effective leader† (Gedney, 1999, p. 2). This fact was validated by Kelly, a Lieutenant Colonel of the U.S. Air Force, who averred that â€Å"men and women operate in the work environment in somewhat different ways based upon genetic/biological differences, cultivation, communication styles and to some extent, the characteristics of the particular career field chosen† (Kelly, 1997, p. 26). Since the

How would a Scholarship Assist Me After Graduation Essay Example for Free

How would a Scholarship Assist Me After Graduation Essay In my findings, it is not just enough to have enrichment of goal, fervency of passion and the keeping of focus, there is the place of vital impact played by pecuniary support from guardian(s) to actualize the desire. I strongly believe many brave and highly intelligent ones have been choked out of their academic dream in life after graduation. Statistical findings have unarguably revealed that financial incapability in one of the factors responsible for thwarted vision in academic excellence. I am very proud to note however, that our school is making part of her contributions in easing students’ financial burden as a responsible institution in the society. The scholarship is a gesture I really appreciate whole heartedly. I do forward this scholarship application to passionately appeal for my consideration in the grant in order to survive hardship in my future pursuit of academic excellence. See more: how to write a college scholarship essay format Being a promising member from a home with single mother who had lost his father as early as age five, I have only being struggling with ways out of incessant hopelessness, deprivation and unavoidable emotional abuse. I have labored assiduously with my parent to make both ends meet; during summer, I work at Boys and Girls Club to save some fund for school and trying hard to work-out element of laziness from exacerbating the poverty. Sooner after my graduation with me and my two other sisters in studying in college, the financial stress for our mother would climax. The cost of education even in a low grade school with the cheapest environment is overwhelming despite how hard I try to save. My two sisters also need optimum care to cater for their more demanding feminine nature. So huge are my worries despite the strong zeal to pursue academic excellence which I currently demonstrate in school for being among the top 10%. With the hope of scholarship aid, I look forward to a redemptive future from excellence incapacitation. In the college, the scholarship will assist to continual keep focus and meet up the grant expectation.

Pre registration contracts Essay example -- essays research papers

The common law view of pre-registration contracts was that the company did not exist for legal purposes until it had been formally incorporated (registered). This common law view resulted in company’s being unable to enter a binding contract until they had been registered.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  However â€Å"given the delays which can be encountered in the registration process, the promoter of a company may wish to enter into contracts `for’ the company prior to its incorporation† . An example of this may be a promoter wanting to ensure a company will have stock on hand so it will be ready to operate when its registered. He might order stock and sign the contract in the unregistered company’s name. Since a company did not exist before registration it could not sign a contract itself or appoint an agent to sign on its behalf. Therefore promoters could not be seen as the company’s agent. Circumstances such as this are problematic and raise difficult questions as to the enforceability of the contract and the availability of damages for its breech.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At common law, a company was also incapable of ratifying a pre-registration contract after it was registered. â€Å"This was because under the law of agency , ratification has a retrospective effect and the contract was regarded as being made at the time it was entered into by the agent when the company was not in existence† . A company could only be held liable for a pre-registration contract if it entered into a new contract with the same terms as the pre-registration contract after it was registered. This is called ‘novation’.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Seeing as though a company would not be held liable on a pre-registered contract, the courts recognised that innocent third parties could be prejudiced. Accordingly â€Å"the courts were prepared on occasions to infer an intension by the promoter to assume personal liability on the contract†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An important case is Kelner v Baxter (1866) where the promoters who had signed the contract on behalf of an unformed company were held to be personally liable. In this particular case the promoters of an unformed company agreed to purchase stock and signed an agreement, which stated ‘on behalf of the Gravesend Royal Hotel Alexandra Hotel Company Limited’. A difficultly had arisen as since the company had not yet been for... ...is case an accountant who was one of the companies four promoters entered into a contract on behalf of a unformed company. The company failed to ratify the contract and the supplier attempted to sue all four promoters. The Supreme Court of New South Wales found that only the account was liable since he was the only person who had signed the contract. The court also made it aware that the accountant has a separate right to claim against the other promoters if he acted as their agent in regards to the contract.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å" While the promoter is primarily liable in these circumstances, the company does have a potential secondary liability. Hence â€Å"where the company is registered but does not ratify the pre-registration contract within the prescribed time, the court may ‘do anything it considers appropriate in the circumstances’. The courts powers include the option of ordering the company to rectify the unfairness† . The courts are able to this by ordering the company to pay for part or all of the damages for which the promoter is liable, transferring property received under the contract to a party to the contract or paying an amount to a party to the contract.

Plane Crash :: essays research papers

I woke up with a loud scream which took over the silence that filled my room. My mom came running to my room just to check on me. It was a very unusual dream and I couldn’t remember anything of it. At that moment it seemed as if it was reality and I hated that awkward feeling that I kept getting. The shirt that I was wearing was stuck to my body and my face had turned all red. I got up to wash up telling my mom that I would be ok. As I opened the door to my room I could smell something burning, and it seemed like my mom had forgotten the brownies in the oven. It was very unusual of her to do such a thing because she was always precautious with everything she did, and she would be extra careful today because her sister was coming after not seeing her for 3 years. This day had started off very badly and I didn’t like where it was heading. My mom ran down stairs, and I so did I so that I could be some kind of help for her. I had forgotten to wear the gloves and as I opened the oven I burnt my hand, and a lot of smoke came out of the oven. Instead of being any kind of help I was being much more trouble for my mom because she had to run off and get me medicine for my fingers. Now I would be unable to help my mom with anything for I was disabled, all I could do was open the windows of the kitchen so that the smoke would go away. The smoke that came out of the oven filled the kitchen and it smelled horrible, we had to wait for half an hour until some of the smoke had gone away. I tried helping my mom with some of the cooking but I really couldn’t do much. As I stood in the kitchen watching my mom preparing dinner, I got flashbacks of the dream that I had. I tried not thinking about it but it kept coming over and over. I thought of how the smoke came out of the oven, did all this mean anything? I began to get very wo rried and I really couldn’t do anything about it, all I could do was pray and hope that nothing would happen.

Felkris Alumni Tracer Essay

Situation Analysis Every year students were graduating in Felkris Academy. As they graduate, they leave their school; others might have no longer updates regarding their school for they are now in abroad for their work. As students, they still want to keep in touch with their alma mater. It is really difficult for the school to search for their graduates for they are scattered to the different parts of the world. That is why we have what we call alumni association. Alumni Association was founded to promote fellowship among graduates, former students, faculty and staff members of Felkris Academy for its development and well being as an educational institution. It is founded to provide support service to the school, and one thing more is that the alumni will be a great source for fund raising of the school for the benefit of the students in the form of scholarship funds. So tracking of the graduates is important. Tracking can provide concrete evidence that will enable the boards and the wider public to evaluate a school’s most important product–its graduates–in important ways. For easy access to the graduates of the school, the researchers are to study a web-based tracking system for Felkris Academy. It is web-based so that it is easy for the graduates and the school to have communication with each other anytime and everywhere in the world. Every graduate can still be updated to what is happening to their school, how far did the developments have undergone after they left the school, the academic status and many more by accessing the system through the web. The reasons for maintaining contact with alumni include networking for current students to obtain internships and professional positions, meeting requirements for accrediting agencies, and determining how well the program prepared the graduates for their professional careers. In order to strengthen graduates’ ability to move theory into practice, graduate programs need to stay current on professional practices. To determine what current practices are and to aid in evaluation and planning, documented information should be obtained from both alumni and professional organizations. Conceptual/Theoretical Framework In this era, where advancement is become the part of the each and every field of life and time become the one of the important element of the success we want to do things or everyday jobs with more fatly as ever. Here role of information system can’t be ignored doing things faster, doing things better, and doing thinks smarter these all traits are possible just because of two words, Information system. Alumni Tracking System is one of the examples of information system. To get contact with the old students and to provide the assistance to this old student for their future progress in all field of life and maintain the record of the passing out students. Alumni Tracking System helps to do what is mention above. According to Quimbita, Grace,1989-09-00 from ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges Los Angeles CA. Student tracking systems enable increasing numbers of community colleges to respond to external demands for accountability with tangible measurements of student progress and institutional outcomes. Several recent trends have prompted interest in monitoring student progress throughout college and into their professional lives. Bers (1989) argues that increasing emphasis on marketing, accountability, communication with students, and internal competition for students all serve as catalysts for the development of tracking systems. Bers identifies six stages in the student flow process that should be monitored by a student tracking system. Awareness–In this stage, the prospective student learns about the college for the first time. Mass mailings to homes or businesses, advertisements in the media, and public information sessions are useful in making potential students aware of the college. Inquiry–Mechanisms for maintaining personalized contact with prospective students should go into effect as soon as the individual makes the first inquiry about the college. The individual’s name, social security number, and program interests should now be on record. Entry–This stage involves formal application, admission, first-time registration and enrollment, and increasingly, assessment tests, orientations, and advisement. Experience–Most tracking efforts currently concentrate on this stage, gathering information on students as they take courses, fulfill prerequisites, pass, fail, or withdraw from courses, take advantage of support services, and work toward their goals. Completion–At this stage, students leave the college with or without achieving their educational goals. Follow-Up–Because community college students commonly stop in and out, alumni can also be considered an important pool of prospective students. Maintaining contact with alumni after they have left the college is important in evaluating educational outcomes in terms of employment or transfer experiences, and attracting former students back to the college. Tracking systems can be developed for practically any stage in the student flow process. Cochise College in Arizona has a tracking system within its admissions office that monitors the awareness, inquiry and entry stages (Barrett, 1989). The Los Angeles Community College District in California and Arapahoe Community College in Colorado each have tracking systems which focus on basic skills assessment and monitor the entry, experience, and completion stages (Voorhees and Hart, 1989). Additionally, tracking designs are possible for underprepared students (Smittle, LaVallee, and Carman, 1989) and other special groups, such as displaced homemakers, single parents, learning disabled, and hearing impaired (Gay and Boukouvalas, 1989). Research Paradigm Input ProcessOutput I. ICT Resources of Felkris Academy a. The researchers intended to develop a web-based system in tracing the graduates. Particularly, this study will be significant for the graduates of Felkris Academy. It helps the graduates to be still connected with their graduate school for long term mutual benefits then to their fellow graduates as well and to remain the part of their school even after the study likewise with the teachers. Moreover, this study will help the graduates to still notify or be updated to the some important events of the school and also can participate in the seminars, academic and extra curriculum activities so that alumni knowledge remains up to date. Statement of the Problem This study aims to answer these questions: 1. What can be done to make alumni participation/involvement easier? 2. How can we keep a current database of the alumni? 3. How to maintain continuous contact with alumni? Definition of Terms Beta Testing – the second phase of software testing in which a sampling of the intended audience tries the product out. Hardware – is a general term for the physical artifacts of a technology. It may also mean the physical components of a computer system, in the form of computer hardware. Software – refers to one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of a computer for some purpose. System Implementation – The installation of a computer system or an information system. The use of software on a particular computer system. Tracking System – is generally a system capable of rendering virtual space to a human observer while tracking the observer’s body coordinates. Web-based – refers to those applications or services that are resident on a server that is accessible using a Web browser and is therefore accessible from anywhere in the world via the Web.

Major General Henry Knox in the American Revolution

Major General Henry Knox in the American Revolution A key figure in the American Revolution, Henry Knox was born in Boston on July 25, 1750. He was the seventh child  of  William and Mary Knox, who had 10 children in total. When Henry was only 9 years old, his merchant captain father passed away after experiencing financial ruin. After only three years at the Boston Latin School, where Henry studied a mix of languages, history, and mathematics, the young Knox was forced to leave in order to support his mother and younger siblings. Fast Facts: Henry Knox Known For: Knox helped lead the Continental Army during the American Revolution and later served as the U.S. Secretary of War.Born: July 25, 1750 in Boston, British AmericaParents: William and Mary KnoxDied: October 25, 1806 in Thomaston, MassachusettsEducation: Boston Latin SchoolSpouse: Lucy Flucker (m. 1774–1806)Children: 13 Early Life Knox apprenticed himself to a local bookbinder named Nicholas Bowes, who helped Knox learn the trade and encouraged his reading. Bowes permitted Knox to liberally borrow from the stores inventory, and in this manner Knox became proficient in French and effectively completed his education on his own. He remained an avid reader, eventually opening his own shop, the London Book Store, at the age of 21. Knox was especially fascinated by military topics, including artillery, and he read widely on the subject. March 5th, 1770: British soldiers open fire on a crowd of Bostonians, killing five people, in what became known as the Boston massacre. Hulton Archive  / Stringer/  Getty Images The Revolution Nears A supporter of American colonial rights, Knox became involved in the Sons of Liberty and was present at the Boston Massacre in 1770. He later swore in an  affidavit that he had attempted to calm tensions that night by requesting that the British soldiers return to their quarters. Knox also testified at the trials of those involved in the incident. Two years later, he put his military studies to use by founding a militia unit called the Boston Grenadier Corps. Though he knew much about weaponry, Knox accidentally shot two fingers from his left hand while handling a shotgun in 1773. Marriage On June 16, 1774, Knox married Lucy Flucker, the daughter of the Royal Secretary of the Province of Massachusetts. The marriage was opposed by her parents, who disapproved of Knoxs revolutionary politics and attempted to entice him into joining the British Army. Knox remained a staunch patriot. Following the outbreak of the American Revolution,  he volunteered to serve with colonial forces and participated in the  Battle of Bunker Hill  on June 17, 1775. His in-laws  fled the city after it fell to American forces in 1776. Fort Ticonderoga, New York.   Purestock/Getty Images Guns of Ticonderoga Knox served with Massachusetts forces in the states Army of Observation during the opening days of the Siege of Boston. He soon came to the attention of army commander General George Washington, who was  inspecting fortifications designed by Knox near Roxbury. Washington was impressed, and the two men developed a friendly relationship. As the army desperately needed artillery, the commanding general consulted Knox for advice in November 1775. Knox proposed a plan to transport the cannon captured at Fort Ticonderoga  in New York to the siege lines around Boston. Washington was on board with the plan. After making Knox a colonel in the Continental Army, the general immediately sent him north, as winter was rapidly approaching. At Ticonderoga, Knox initially had difficulty acquiring sufficient men in the lightly populated Berkshire Mountains.  He finally assembled what he dubbed the noble train of artillery. Knox began moving 59 guns and mortars down Lake George and the Hudson River to Albany. It was a difficult trek, and several guns fell through the ice and had to be recovered. In Albany, the guns were transferred to ox-drawn sleds and pulled across Massachusetts. The 300-mile journey took Knox and his men 56 days to complete in the bitter winter weather. In Boston, Washington ordered the guns to be placed atop Dorchester Heights, overlooking the city and harbor. Rather than face bombardment, the British forces, led by General Sir William Howe, evacuated the city on March 17, 1776. New York and Philadelphia Campaigns Following the victory at Boston, Knox was sent to oversee the construction of fortifications in  Rhode Island and Connecticut. When he returned to the Continental Army, he became Washingtons chief of artillery. After the American defeats in New York that fall, Knox retreated across New Jersey with the remaining troops. As Washington devised his daring Christmas attack on Trenton, Knox was given the key role of overseeing the armys crossing of the Delaware River. With the assistance of Colonel John Glover, Knox succeeded in moving the attack force across the river in a timely fashion. He also directed the American withdrawal on December 26. For his service at Trenton, Knox was promoted to brigadier general. In early January, he saw further action at Assunpink Creek and Princeton before the army moved to winter quarters at Morristown, New Jersey. Taking advantage of this break from campaigning, Knox returned to Massachusetts with the goal of improving weapons production. He traveled to Springfield and established the Springfield Armory, which operated for the rest of the war and became a key producer of American weapons for almost two centuries. After he rejoined the army, Knox took part in the American defeats at Brandywine (September 11, 1777) and Germantown (October 4, 1777). At the latter, he made the ill-fated suggestion to Washington that they should capture the British-occupied home of Germantown resident Benjamin Chew, rather than bypass it. The delay gave the British badly needed time to re-establish their lines, and this contributed to the American loss. Valley Forge to Yorktown During the winter at Valley Forge, Knox helped secure needed supplies and assisted Baron von Steuben in drilling the troops. Later, the army pursued the British, who were evacuating Philadelphia, and fought them at the Battle of Monmouth on June 28, 1778. In the wake of the fighting, the army moved north to take up positions around New York. Over the next two years, Knox was sent north to help obtain supplies for the army and, in 1780, served on the court-martial of British spy Major John Andre. In late 1781, Washington withdrew the majority of the army from New York to attack General Lord Charles Cornwallis at Yorktown, Virginia. Knoxs guns played a key role in the siege that ensued. Following the victory, Knox was promoted to major general and assigned to command American forces at West Point. During this time, he formed the Society of the Cincinnati, a fraternal organization consisting of officers who had served in the war. At the wars conclusion in 1783, Knox led his troops into New York City to take possession from the departing British. Later Life On December 23, 1783, following Washingtons resignation, Knox became the senior officer of the Continental Army. He remained so until retiring in June 1784. Knoxs retirement proved short-lived, however, as he was soon appointed Secretary of War by the Continental Congress on March 8, 1785. A staunch supporter of the new Constitution, Knox  remained in his post until becoming Secretary of War as part of George Washingtons first cabinet in 1789. As secretary, he oversaw the creation of a permanent navy, a national militia, and coastal fortifications. Knox served as Secretary of War until January 2, 1795, when he resigned to care for his family and business interests. He died on October 25, 1806, of peritonitis, three days after accidentally swallowing a chicken bone.

How the Statue of Liberty Became a Symbol of Immigration

How the Statue of Liberty Became a Symbol of Immigration When the Statue of Liberty was dedicated on October 28, 1886, the ceremonial speeches had nothing to do with immigrants arriving in America. The sculptor who created the enormous statue, Fredric-Auguste Bartholdi, never intended the statue to evoke the idea of immigration. In a sense, he viewed his creation as something nearly opposite: as a symbol of liberty spreading outward from America. So how and why did the statue become an iconic symbol of immigration? The Statue is now always linked in the public mind with arriving immigrants thanks to the words of Emma Lazarus. Lady Liberty took on deeper meaning  because of the sonnet written in its honor, The New Colossus. Poet Emma Lazarus Was Asked to Write a Poem Before the Statue of Liberty was completed and shipped to the United States for assembly, a campaign was organized by newspaper publisher Joseph Pulitzer to raise funds to build the pedestal on Bedloe’s Island. Donations were very slow in coming, and in the early 1880s it appeared that the statue might never be assembled in New York. There were even rumors that another city, perhaps Boston, could wind up with the statue. Fundraising events were organized, one of which was an art show. The poet Emma Lazarus, who was known and respected in the artistic community in New York City, was asked to participate. Lazarus was a 34-year-old native New Yorker, the daughter of a wealthy Jewish family with roots going back to the colonial era in New York City. She had become very concerned about the plight of Jews being persecuted in a pogrom in Russia. Newly arrived Jewish refugees from Russia were being housed on Wards Island, in New York Citys East River. Lazarus had been visiting them, and had gotten involved with charitable organizations helping the destitute new arrivals get a start in their new country. The writer Constance Cary Harrison asked Lazarus to write a poem to help raise money for the Statue of Liberty pedestal fund. Lazarus, at first, was not interested in writing something on assignment. Emma Lazarus Applied Her Social Conscience Harrison later recalled that she encouraged Lazarus to change her mind by saying, â€Å"Think of that goddess standing on her pedestal down yonder in the bay, and holding her torch out to those Russian refugees of yours that you are so fond of visiting at Ward’s Island.† Lazarus reconsidered and wrote the sonnet, â€Å"The New Colossus.† The opening of the poem refers to the Colossus of Rhodes, an ancient statue of a Greek titan. But Lazarus then refers to the statue which â€Å"shall† stand as a â€Å"mighty woman with a torch† and the â€Å"Mother of Exiles.† Later in the sonnet are the lines which eventually became iconic: Give me your tired, your poor,Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,The wretched refuse of your teeming shore,Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me,I lift my lamp beside the golden door! Thus in the mind of Lazarus the statue was not symbolic of liberty flowing outward from America, as Bartholdi envisioned, but rather a symbol of America being a refuge where those oppressed could come to live in liberty. Lazarus was no doubt thinking of the Jewish refugees from Russia she had been volunteering to assist at Wards Island. And she surely understood that had she been born somewhere else, she may have faced oppression and suffering herself. The Poem â€Å"The New Colossus† Was Essentially Forgotten On December 3, 1883, a reception was held at the Academy of Design in New York City to auction off a portfolio of writings and artwork to raise funds for the statue’s pedestal. The next morning the New York Times reported that a crowd which included J. P. Morgan, the famous banker, heard a reading of the poem â€Å"The New Colossus† by Emma Lazarus. The art auction did not raise as much money as the organizers had hoped. And the poem written by Emma Lazarus seems to have been forgotten. She tragically died of cancer on November 19, 1887, at the age of 38, less than four years after writing the poem. An obituary in the New York Times  the following day praised her writing, with the headline calling her An American Poet of Uncommon Talent. The obituary quoted some of her poems yet  did not mention â€Å"The New Colossus.† Thus, the sonnet was generally forgotten not long after it was written. Yet over time the sentiments expressed in words by Lazarus and the massive figure crafted of copper by  Bartholdi would become inseparable in the public mind. The Poem Was Revived by a Friend of Emma Lazarus In May 1903, a friend of Lazarus, Georgina Schuyler, succeeded in having a bronze plaque containing the text of â€Å"The New Colossus† installed on an interior wall of the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty. By that time the statue had been standing in the harbor for nearly 17 years, and millions of immigrants had passed by it. And for those fleeing oppression in Europe, the Statue of Liberty did seem to be holding a torch of welcome. Lady Libertys Legacy Over the following decades, especially in the 1920s, when the United States began to restrict immigration, the words of Lazarus took on deeper meaning. And whenever there is talk of closing Americas borders, relevant lines from The New Colossus are always quoted in opposition. Still, the poem and its connection to the statue unexpectedly became a contentious issue in the summer of 2017. Stephen Miller, an anti-immigrant adviser to President Donald Trump, sought to denigrate the poem and its connection to the statue. Two years later, in the summer of 2019, Ken Cuccinelli, the acting director of the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services in the Trump administration, sparked a controversy by suggesting that the classic poem be edited. In a series of interviews on August 13, 2019, Cuccinelli said the poem should be changed to refer to immigrants who can stand on their own two feet. He also noted that the Lazarus poem referred to people coming from Europe, which critics interpreted as a sign of current bias toward non-white immigrants.

Summary of The Power of Context by Malcolm Gladwell

Summary of The Power of Context by Malcolm Gladwell Free Online Research Papers Summary of The Power of Context by Malcolm Gladwell In â€Å"The Power of Context† by Malcolm Gladwell, the author proposes a theory to explain the phenomenon that occurred when the sudden period of intense cleaning and maintenance of crime-infested New York City was able to slash crime rates to astonishing new lows. During his vacation in Africa, Gladwell witnessed the AIDS epidemic firsthand, when the HIV virus was initially contained within a small group of homosexuals, but passed the â€Å"Tipping Point† – a critical point that when exceeded, the rate at which a process proceeds significantly increases – and rapidly infected a large portion of the population. Gladwell applies this concept in his essay â€Å"The Power of Context,† suggesting that when the crime in New York City passed and went below the Tipping Point, a chain reaction began that led the crime rate to decrease exponentially. He provides an account of the steps leading to the recovery of the city, supporting his general theory that the environment exerts greater influence over a person’s mentality and actions than previously realized, as it behaves as a mechanism that triggers abnormal emotions and personalities. Gladwell’s arguments can be traced to th e ongoing debate in the psychological field over Nature versus nurture, as he cites numerous examples of people being affected and manipulated by their surroundings, such as the story of Bernie Goetz and the four youths and the Good Samaritan study; however, he fails to provide and refute counterexamples to his theory. While Gladwell is correct in the sense that the environment can considerably influence many, the majority of these impressionable people are weak-willed, and it can be observed that those with strong mentalities can resist any controlling forces that the environment may exert. Gladwell paints a vivid picture of New York City in the 1980s, when its crime rate was â€Å"in the grip of one of the worst crime epidemics in its history† (288). The most frightening scene of all, Gladwell describes, was the subway, a site plagued by countless problems ranging from robbery to murder. Muggings and other violent crimes were daily occurrences on the trains, as â€Å"New York City averaged well over 2,000 murders and 600,000 serious felonies a year† (287). However, the focus of Gladwell’s tale of the New York City subway system directs attention to the more obvious but less serious surroundings, for example, graffiti, panhandlers and fare beaters. Gladwell thoroughly details such â€Å"Minor, seemingly insignificant quality-of-life crimes,† (292) because he believes these events are Tipping Points of violent crime, as theorized by criminologists James Q. Wilson and George Kelling in their Broken Windows theory, suggesting crime is contagiou s. Gladwell goes deep into the details about the incident involving Bernie Goetz, declaring the environment is in control of everyone in the train. However, Gladwell downplays the characters of the witnesses riding in the same train; while Goetz and the four youths were under the spell of the graffiti, the other passengers were sitting, not committing violent crimes. Though the crime rate on the subway did increase dramatically during the eighties, a period of rampant graffiti, Gladwell’s statement claiming â€Å"Character is more like a bundle of habits and tendencies and interests, loosely bound together and dependant, at certain times, on circumstance and context,† (297) is not justified by the story. The passengers riding along with Goetz did not submit to the writing on the train walls and commit violent crimes, which disproves Gladwell’s theory that all humans are slaves to their environment. Gladwell also points out the concept known as the Fundamental Attribution Error, a theory that suggests people tend to undermine the importance of situation, and overestimate the impact of personal character. Gladwell includes the Good Samaritan study to prove the theory correct, which shows seminarians being rushed to a speech had a ten percent chance of helping a downtrodden person whereas students with time to spare helped the man sixty-three percent of the time. Gladwell maintains that the time constraint made â€Å"Someone who was ordinarily compassionate into someone who was indifferent to suffering – of turning someone, in that particular moment, into a different person,† (299). While the study is very convincing of Gladwell’s proclamation, ten percent of the students in a rush were able to break out of the situation’s submission hold and help the broken man, further supporting the idea that the majority of people tend to succumb to the power of co ntext and the rare heroic type is unable to be bound by anything other than his or her own will, as well as refuting Gladwell’s conjecture. Research Papers on Summary of The Power of Context by Malcolm GladwellCapital PunishmentBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseMind TravelThree Concepts of PsychodynamicAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

Principles of marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Principles of marketing - Essay Example Sprite is a product of Coca Cola, and therefore, it is necessary to introduce the company briefly. The Coca Cola Company came into existence in 1886 in Atlanta, Georgia. Since then it has grown to become one of the most popular names in the beverage market around the world. Presently, Coca Cola operates in more than 195 countries around the world. It has more than 30,000 employees working for its different SBU’s worldwide. One of the greatest strength of Coca Cola is its worldwide presence and excellent planning. The unique feature of Coca Cola is that they do not act like a MNC; they do business locally (The Coca Cola Company, 2012). Coca Cola have standardised their core product. They focus on the fact that the drink should taste the same in all the parts of the world. The statistics clearly signifies that Coca Cola’s strategies are following the right path leading to their production and licensing of about 3,500 drinks in more than 200 countries. Sprite is one of the highly acclaimed products of the company. However, in this study, the focus would be on Coca Cola’s operations in the Middle-East countries (Kotler, Armstrong, and Wong, 2008). This report will contain some of the important keywords, and those are defined below. Segmentation: - Segmentation is a strategy or process by which companies define and subdivide a large market into small and identifiable market segments having identical wants, needs and demand characteristics (McDonald and Dunbar, 1995). Marketing Mix: - Marketing Mix is defined as the premeditated mix of the marketing elements, which are commonly the product, price, place and promotion. These four elements of the marketing mix are tailored until the right combination is discovered that fulfils the demands of consumers and generates optimum profit for the company. 2.0 Features of Segmentation Market segmentation is often referred to as a marketing strategy which involves division or dissection of the broader market into small segments of market. The division is done on the basis of the common needs of consumers. Once the intended market is segmented, companies generally formulate and implement strategies to fulfil the needs and desires of each segment. Market segmentation also encourages companies to make product differentiation and employ different media channels to target the different segment of customers. Furthermore, it greatly helps companies to design appropriate marketing mix for each segment (Jobber and Fay, 2006). In this muddled and tumultuous business environment, organisations are compelled to make market segmentation, as it is difficult to target the entire market with the same strategy. Furthermore, the shifting need of consumers is also another driver for the companies to employ segmentation strategy. Similarly, these factors also forced Coca Cola to segment their market for Sprite. Since the product is soft drinks, the company made the segmentation of the market very intellige ntly. Sprite was intended for the mass and not for any particular segment of customers. It was displayed as a brand which was in the business of quenching thirst and refreshing people around

The State Judicial Selection Process Assignment

The State Judicial Selection Process - Assignment Example Once a judicial officer ir a judge has been appointed, it would be expected that he or she would serve for a period of one year and then they would be subjected to a retention election based on the positive and negative affirmative yes or no. it is important to note and mention that the one year probation year serves as a litmus test to gauge the service and effectiveness of the judge. In any case the retention panel notes or realizes that the merit and quality of the judge has taken a dip of whichever aspect, the judge would not be re-elected and henceforth lose his or her judgeship position and stature. If a judge is elected his or her term would begin after the first Tuesday after the first Monday in January. Accordingly, there are irreducible minimums that are involved if a person wishes to serve as a judge in the state of Florida. The person must have practiced law and exhibited signs of excellence for a minimum period of ten years. The same person must be below the mandatory retirement age of seventy years, since it is a design that at the age of seventy the judges would have to retire. Another qualification is that the person must be a qualified elector within the legal fraternity and parameters. Intuitively, the vetting committee or panel would have the opportunity and chance to verify and interview an applicant then forward the same list of names to the governor of the state. The judicial nomination committee fronts the names of the three to six competent candidates to be considered for judgeship to the governor who is the appointing authority. In Florida, in case a vacancy occurs such as through resignation or natural death or cause, the judicial nominating committee would conduct vetting on the interested persons. The names of the successful applicants would then forward the name to the governor so that the vacancy would be filled accordingly. In Texas, the selection process

MOD 2 ETH501 - Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MOD 2 ETH501 - Business Ethics - Essay Example The heart pacemakers were made because several people were in need of the equipment. The pacemakers helped people in maintaining proper heart beat rate to avoid deaths (Shanks, 1996). Although some people died out of incompetency of certain doctors while installing the gadgets, the risks and negative consequences were minimized. The pacemaker company maximized on the good it offered to its client, helping avoid deaths because of inability of the heart to beat. The deaths that occurred because of the lack of pacemakers were more than deaths due to the challenges of installing the pacemakers. This exemplified the need to maximize the greater good of pacemaker business while minimizing on the dangers faced. Saving human life is better than the financial gains that the transistor manufacturing company is against (Shanks, 1996). Utilitarian ethics is demonstrated by the transistor manufacturing board when they accepted to supply the heart pacemakers with the transistors they needed becaus e of a responsibility and duty to protect the rights of individuals in need of the pacemakers. Further, the board ensured that they minimized the negative implications of the business so that they balanced their trust responsibility to the company (Melvin, 2005). They did the right thing with maximum good in supplying the transistors to save lives and developed appropriate technical as well as testing standards to hold the pacemaker company against in an effort to minimize the harm. They reduced harm in the business and maximized on the utility while accomplishing the common good and protecting rights of people (Shanks, n.d.). What Jeremy Bentham, the father of utilitarianism, would have said about the Case Bentham would have argued that the board agreeing to supply the company making pacemakers was based on utilitarian business ethics because it satisfied human nature by avoiding pain that patients would undergo without pacemakers (Jones, 2005). In addition, he would have asserted that the appropriate action on the case would be for the transistor company to supply the other company as it was the right action based on the principle of utility. The good effects in the case involved supplying the transistors with a commitment to improving the testing and technical standards to balance the good and bad effects. This was a much better alternative than declining to supply the transistors to the pacemakers (Driver, 2009). Letting the pacemaker company not to run out of business by supplying the transistors was an instance of utilitarianism because it was a consideration of the good of all the involved parties without any partiality. How Bentham's suggestion that "We seek pleasure and the avoidance of pain..." might apply The board of the transistor making company demonstrated ‘seeking pleasure and avoiding pain’ when it initially declined that it would not supply transistors to pacemakers because it would face legal suits and challenges. The absence of appropriate standards by the pacemakers to measure their electronics would cause pain to the transistor company. The business deal would cause pain to the transistor company, and the board initially opts out of the deal. This would have not been proper for the welfare of the involved stakeholders (Shaw, 2011). In addition, all the other transistor making companies that pulled out of business with the pacemakers were avoiding pain in their business pursuit by trying to

Accounting for Decision Makers -Discussion Question Assignment - 1

Accounting for Decision Makers -Discussion Question - Assignment Example The estimates are debited to maintenance and repairs account. When the actual repair happens, the exact amount is credit to this ledger account. Credit variance in this estimates account means repairs higher and should not be amortized but rather charged in this period. Debit variance means the company used less in repairs and such variance is rolls to the coming years Morse, & Wayne, (2015). Machine repair estimates costs are an initial value that is determined throughout the machine life. The cost is dividing by the number of years the machine will be on service. The annual estimates will then form part of amortization costs per year. Finance costs do not form part of estimates. A Major overhaul of a machine is treated as a periodic estimate cost. This cost is amortized over the remaining life of the machine. In manufacturing company, it is accounted as a cost of manufactured goods and recorded in the books as work in progress. An abnormal occurrence such as fire or floods is not allowable cost estimate. Minor repairs of machinery should be expensed in the year that they were incurred. They are termed as usage variance and should not form part of estimates the actual costs not estimates, in this case, should be subjected to an income of the same

Should base level funding for critical infrastructure protection Research Paper

Should base level funding for critical infrastructure protection against foreign terrorists organizations include domestic (internal) threats - Research Paper Example ously increased their capacities in terms of sophistication and potential damage, there is need to take necessary steps to guard key infrastructures both private- and publicly owned against these developments. In order to effectively tackle cases of terroristic attacks against CI, base level funding for protection against foreign terrorist organizations should include domestic or internal threats. Indeed in today’s modern world, without critical infrastructure a society cannot function optimally. In fact, it is only in times of peace and relative security that critical infrastructures are characteristically, for granted taken. It must however be appreciated that when one critical infrastructure is annihilated, the entire nation somehow feels the effects of the loss (ITAC, 2006). In some cases, the loss may be as great in magnitude as to affect one or more countries significantly. Owing to their significance, critical infrastructures are always naturally become vulnerable targets for terrorists – foreign or those that exist within the nation’s borders (ITAC, 2006). It is in appreciation of this fact that the government in conjunction with its citizens and other stakeholders must always ensure that these infrastructures remain secure and function properly. In the US, currently, there is no clear policy as to how base level funding should be used. This therefore means that in cases of need, funding meant for foreign terrorist protection could be used to solve issues related to domestic threats. While terrorist gangs have often resorted to using bombs and other violent methods, it must be appreciated that they are likely to change tactics soon or later. Instead of engaging in physical combat, terrorists may opt to target information systems and other cyber assets in an unprecedented way. This could of course have a devastating effect since most of the country’s critical infrastructure is run or controlled by computers which in most cases are networked (ITAC,

Accounting for Decision Makers -Discussion Question Assignment - 1

Accounting for Decision Makers -Discussion Question - Assignment Example The estimates are debited to maintenance and repairs account. When the actual repair happens, the exact amount is credit to this ledger account. Credit variance in this estimates account means repairs higher and should not be amortized but rather charged in this period. Debit variance means the company used less in repairs and such variance is rolls to the coming years Morse, & Wayne, (2015). Machine repair estimates costs are an initial value that is determined throughout the machine life. The cost is dividing by the number of years the machine will be on service. The annual estimates will then form part of amortization costs per year. Finance costs do not form part of estimates. A Major overhaul of a machine is treated as a periodic estimate cost. This cost is amortized over the remaining life of the machine. In manufacturing company, it is accounted as a cost of manufactured goods and recorded in the books as work in progress. An abnormal occurrence such as fire or floods is not allowable cost estimate. Minor repairs of machinery should be expensed in the year that they were incurred. They are termed as usage variance and should not form part of estimates the actual costs not estimates, in this case, should be subjected to an income of the same

All of us learn from our failures as well as successes. What is Essay

All of us learn from our failures as well as successes. What is something you gained from an unsuccessful experience - Essay Example With a borrowed capital from my father, I ventured into the business of selling candies and ice-creams. At the beginning, I seemed to make some meaningful progress. However, the number of customers began fading away and I could hardly make any sales. I was prepared to remain in business hoping that the business will eventually pick up. My parents encouraged me to keep on trying and they would help in preparing some of the candies at home. After five weeks, the business was not making any profits. Actually, it became increasingly difficult to break even on my capital investment and therefore, I eventually gave up. My father summoned me and we had a conversation in which he told me the reasons why my business failed. According to him, I was not adequately prepared to do any business since I did not have any background knowledge in business. He indeed encouraged me to put a lot of effort in school especially in business related courses if my aspirations are to become an entrepreneur. From this experience, I learned the importance of education in life. Knowledge is overwhelmingly important in every aspect of

Obama and the Environment Essay Example for Free

Obama and the Environment Essay This paper would seek to evaluate the Environmental policy of one of the most important figures in this regard; the President of the United States of America Barack Obama. The United States is currently facing criticism and is caught in a controversy as a result of the fact that it has not signed the Kyoto Protocol as yet. Since the USA is one of the largest producers of carbon emissions, that decision has made the other participants quite reluctant about signing the agreement beyond 2012 when the current agreement expires. The Bush administration was heavily criticized for its decision to not sign the Protocol but the current administration has come up with its own environmental policy in order to deal more aptly with the issue of environment and specially the carbon emissions. The environmental policy of the Obama administration is two pronged as it not only deals with the long term environmental solutions but also analyses the intermediate or short term solutions. The policy outlined by the current administration criticized its predecessors ‘â€Å"gimmicks† instead of actual solutions to an issue which is one of the biggest concerns in terms of its economic and environmental detrimental effects. The plan looks at some of the most pressing needs of the American nation such as the â€Å"dependence on foreign oil, addressing the moral, economic and environmental challenge of the global climate change, and building a clean, energy future that would benefit all Americans. â€Å"http://www. barackobama. com/pdf/issues/EnvironmentFactSheet. pdf The plan is comprehensive as it not analyses the effects on the locals but also looks at the global impact of the USA’s economic activities. The short term solutions are a way of countering the immediate effects that the activities of the US economy have in terms of the environment. This includes the emergency rebate for energy purposes, crackdown on excessive energy speculation, exchange light and heavy crude, and lastly, release oil from the strategic petroleum reserves in order to cut the oil prices. If these short term effects were to be looked at in detail and what in effect they entail, it would mean relief for millions of middle class Americans as their energy costs would be partially borne by the energy rebate particularly at times of rocketing oil and gas prices. As for the rest, it entails a reversal of all previous environmental policies as it would mean releasing the strategic petroleum reserves as according to the current regime, the current situation is serious for these reserves to be touched upon. Hence, the current administration is taking the short term measures to a level which has never been touched upon earlier having understood the gravity of the case in terms of the lasting detrimental effects on the local population. The strategic plan of providing five million jobs through a five year steady investment of 150 billion USD means a revamping of the federal budget as this time instead of merely taxing the taxpayers, they are being provided some form of relief in order to initiate a cleaner future. However, the fact still remains that much more needs to be done in order to prove the USA’s commitment to the international goals of reducing the carbon emissions levels and adhering to the principles of the Kyoto protocol. In a landmark address to the American nation, the President made clear his stance on the Kyoto protocol by reviving the agreement in a solid attempt to bring the USA back on the global platform for the purposes of global climate change. In the words of Barack Obama himself: â€Å"We cannot afford more of the same timid politics when the future of our planet is at stake. Global warming is not asomeday problem, it is now. We are already breaking records with the intensity of our storms, the number of forest fires,the periods of drought. By 2050 famine could force more than 250 million from their homes . . . . The polar ice caps are now melting faster than science had ever predicted. . . . This is not the future I want for my daughters. Its not the future any of us want for our children. And if we act now and we act boldly, it doesnt have to be. † [Barack Obama, Portsmouth, NH, 10/8/07] Source: http://www. barackobama. com/pdf/issues/EnvironmentFactSheet. pdf The plan to reduce carbon emissions by eight percent by 2050 does seem a formidable task indeed but according to the strategy outlined by Obama; this would be carried out through a market cap buy and sell system in which caps would be kept on the carbon emissions. And the companies would be allowed to buy and sell the allowances amongst themselves depending on the supply and demand levels of each. Hence, in a way creating a competitive market for the amount of total carbon emissions created which would have been limited by the government. The 150 billion dollars investment programme outlined above would allow entail the research and development facilities created for the purposes of having advanced energy technologies. Such research would allow the USA to gain a competitive edge in the economic markets by being environmentally safe and having efficient production processes at the same time. The policy of having energy efficient infrastructure along with the more usage of renewable source s of energy would go a long way in safeguarding the interests of the environmentalists. If one was to look at the above proposals in greater detail what would come across would be the fact that the Obama administration has shown true commitment to the environmental causes by having a clearly defined environmental policy. In this regard, there are several areas which have been covered especially the biggest concern being that of the Kyoto protocol and America’s commitment to ensuring that the global climate change process does show true effect. The queries of the rest of the Protocol committee have been handled quite aptly by Obama who from the day one has ensured that environmental policy would remain an important part and parcel of his political policies. Added to that is the fact that Al Gore, one of the true environmental leaders that the US has seen, has been a prominent figure in the Obama entourage highlighting the interest that the current regime truly has in the environmental concerns and policies. The idea of providing incentives for energy utilized and provision of greater federal granst along with grants for early adopters is in themselves ideas which portray true business acumen and sense as they would act as persuasive tactics for the profit-keen businessmen. Hence, what this paper has shown and highlighted has been that the current administration is an aware and environmentally conscious government which realizes the potential gains and losses from endorsing environmental practices. References G-20. ` Home G20. 01 Apr. 2009 http://www. g20. org/. `The Kyoto Protocol: AN Update. ` U. S. House Committee on Foreign Affairs. 11 July 2007. 01 Apr. 2009 http://www. internationalrelations. house. gov/110/36724. pdf. Jones, Van. â€Å"â€Å"Green collar economy. 1st Ed. New York: Haper Collins, 2008. Friedman, Thomas L. Hot, Flat, and Crowded. New York: Farrar, 2008. http://www. independent. co. uk/environment/climate-change/obama-brings-us-in-from-the-cold-1026303. html http://www. barackobama. com/pdf/issues/EnvironmentFactSheet

Flow of a Free Air Jet Laboratory Exercise

Flow of a Free Air Jet Laboratory Exercise An investigation into the structure of a free air jet and how its velocity is distributed during interaction with its surroundings Summary Air jets have provided the basis for jet propulsion mechanisms, commonly used to provide movement in jet engines, spacecraft and even particular marine animals. In aviation, it is important to measure an aircrafts velocity, altitude and Mach number in order to monitor performance and determine areas of improvement. In this experiment, a pitot-static tube system was set up along the axis of a free air jet, and the local velocity of the air jet was calculated and recorded using measurements from an inclined manometer as the pitot-tube was displaced in both the horizontal and vertical planes. The experimental and theoretical results highlighted the same trends, confirming the expectation that as decreased (due to increased displacement), local velocity, , also decreased. A divergence angle of 10.1ÂÂ ° was calculated, and the volume flow rate varied between 0.0149 m3s-1 and 0.049 m3s-1. Introduction An air jet is a nozzle or tube from which a directed pressurised jet of air is emitted. (1) These have provided the basis for jet propulsion producing a thrust in the opposite direction of the jet as demonstrated through Newtons third law. Airs jets are commonly used to provide movement in jet engines and spacecraft, and even certain marine animals have evolved to rely on jet propulsion mechanisms. (2) There are two main types of jet; impinging and free. While an impinging jet is directed towards a surface, this experiment is concerned with the interactions of a free, submerged air jet, where the jet is discharged into an ambient fluid of similar physical properties. (3) A pitot tube is a pressure measurement instrument used to measure fluid flow velocity. (4) This is done by converting the kinetic energy of the flow into potential energy (5). Pitot-static systems, consisting of a pitot tube, a static port and the necessary measuring instruments (6), are often used in aviation to determine an aircrafts velocity, altitude and Mach number, as well as having nautical applications in the calculation of boat and vessel speeds. (7) Theory 3.1 Velocity A pitot static tube measures two separate pressures: the stagnation pressure,, and the static pressure, (8) Bernoullis equation states that the total stagnation pressure is equal to the sum of the static pressure and the dynamic pressure, . The dynamic pressure is proportional to the density of the concerned medium, , and the square of the local velocity, v, such that: (equation 1) If the pressure difference between the stagnation pressure and static pressure is applied to alter the water level of a manometer, equilibrium is achieved when: (equation 2) Therefore, by combining equation 1 and equation 2, and assuming = 1.225 kgm-3 and = 1000 kgm-3, the local velocity in ms-1 can then be calculated through the relationship: (equation 3) 3.2 Flow Rate The volume flow rate leaving the nozzle of a circular air jet, can be considered equal to exit velocity, , multiplied by nozzle surface area, A. (9) This relationship is represented through the equation: (equation 4) Beyond the nozzle exit, the velocity cannot be considered constant at all vertical points in the jet; therefore, it is necessary to integrate to find the volume flow rate. The expanded profile of the air jet can be considered circular, consisting of a series of annuli areas containing an air flow rate equal to for each respective measured value of velocity and calculated area. This is represented visually in figure 1 below. Recalling the area of an annulus as, where is the radius along the mid-point of the annulus, and considering the asymmetrical profile of the final jet requires separate measurements in each hemisphere, the total volume flow rate can be calculated through: (equation 5) Here, is the local velocity at the required radius and is the area of half an annulus, where is the radius at which the velocity was measured. Method Apparatus Nozzle of diameter 30mm, to create the uniform circular jet of air to be measured. Pitot-static tube system, consisting of a pitot-tube, static tube and axial scales,to collect the air from the nozzle and carry it to the manometer. Manometer, inclined at an angle, ÃŽÂ ¸, which holds the liquid and allows for its movement depending on the pressure apparent from the pitot-static tube system. A zero, to locate the starting point at which measurements of the fluid distance along the manometer will be taken from. A ruler, to manually measure the distance travelled by the liquid along the manometer, . Procedure The zero was adjusted along the manometer to indicate the point at which further measurements with the ruler would be taken from and the pitot-static tube was moved along the apparatus to the origin, at the centre of the nozzle, where the coordinates corresponded to (0, 0). The air jet was turned on and, after allowing sufficient time to warm up, the distance the liquid had moved along the manometer, was measured, using the ruler, and recorded. The tube was then moved along the centreline across a series of predetermined distances away from the air jet (see Appendix A) up to 500mm the point (500,0) and was again measured and recorded at each interval. The pitot-static tube was then returned to sit 60mm away from the air jet and lowered to a vertical height of -28mm from the origin where was again measured and recorded. Maintaining an axial distance of 60mm, the pitot-static tube was then raised in increments of 4mm up to a maximum height of 28mm and the distance, , measured for each step. This experiment was then repeated at axial distances of 180mm and 300mm, through ranges of -50mm to 50mm and -60mm to 60mm respectively, using increments of 5mm in both. Results 5.1 Velocity Profiles The recorded distances,, for the three vertical experiments, were then converted into vertical distances, h; in this experiment, ÃŽÂ ¸ = 13ÂÂ °. The velocities at each height were then calculated using equation 3 and graphs of velocity against height for all three axial distances were drawn as shown in figures 3a, 3b and 3c below. 5.2 Plan View The divergence angle can be calculated by forming a triangle between the edge of the jet and a line perpendicular to the nozzle boundary; see figure 4. For this experiment: 5.3 Centreline Velocity Distribution The recorded distances, , for the centreline experiment were converted into vertical distances, h, using ÃŽÂ ¸ = 13ÂÂ °. The axial distance, x, was then divided by the nozzle diameter, D = 30mm, and a graph of velocity against was plotted, as seen below in figure 5. 5.4 Volume Flow Rate Assuming is constant at the edge of the nozzle, the exit volume flow rate can be calculated through equation 4: m3s-1 Beyond the nozzle exit, values for, the annulus width, and , the outer radius, were required to calculate volume flow rate. The values for were 4mm at an axial distance of 60mm, and 5mm at axial distances of 180mm and 300mm, and values for corresponded to the radial distances; these can be found in Appendices B, C and D. Using equation 5, the volume flow rates were found at x = 2D, x = 6D and x = 10D respectively, and the results displayed through table 1. Axial Distance (mm) Volume Flow Rate (m3s-1) 60 0.01925 180 0.034475 300 0.048705 A graph of volume flow rate against axial distance was then plotted for comparison; see figure 6 below. 6.1 Structure of the Air Jet An air jet is comprised of three important regions: the core, the mixing region and the edge or boundary. Within the core, the velocity does not vary significantly from the nozzle exit speed. From the measurements in this experiment, this region exists up to around 180mm along the centreline (see figure 5). Outside of the core, illustrated in figure 4, the mixing region is encountered. Throughout this region, the local velocity,, is less than the exit velocity, , due to the reaction of the air jet with the ambient fluid. The edge or boundary of the jet represents the radial distance at which the local velocity is equal to zero at each centreline distance. The edge of the jet increases linearly at a rate dependent on the divergence angle, measured to be 10.1ÂÂ ° in this experiment. This is similar to the universal value for the divergence of a jet of 11.8ÂÂ °, which is independent of nozzle diameter, discharge speed or the medium involved. (10) 6.2 Diameter of the Air Jet From the plan view illustrated in figure 4, it can clearly be seen that the air jet spreads out as axial distance increases. This occurs as a consequence of the significant velocity difference between the jet and the ambient fluid, which creates a highly unstable shear layer at the edge of the jet. This shear layer is subject to large variance in local velocities, generating strong turbulent fluctuations which subsequently entrain the ambient fluid into the path of the jet, increasing the mixing of the two fluids. As a consequence of both the turbulent fluctuations and the entrainment of the ambient fluid, the shear layer continues to be pushed outwards as the jet flows downstream. (11) 6.3 Centreline Volume Distribution Figure 5, above, clearly illustrates that up to a value of = 6, the velocity along the centreline varies very little, with a range of 0.833 ms-1. This region is known as the core, where. The only source of momentum when the jet exits the nozzle is from the jet itself, as the surrounding fluid is at rest. The absence of external forces acting on the jet suggests that the centreline velocity will remain constant as distance increases. (11) Beyond an axial distance of 180mm, the velocity follows an inversely proportional relationship with distance, decreasing at a rate of (where k is an unknown constant). This occurs when the core of the jet interacts with entrained ambient fluid caused by significant velocity fluctuations at the edge of the jet, decreasing the velocity of the fluid as discussed in section 5.2. Due to the interaction between two different fluid flows, the region in which this occurs is referred to as the mixing region. 6.4 Volume Flow Rate Figure 6 suggests that volume flow rate increases linearly with axial distance, rising from 0.015m3s-1 at the nozzle exit to 0.049m3s-1 at an axial distance of 300mm. From section 4.4, it is known that the volume flow rate is a function of the jet area and local velocities across the diameter. Due to conservation of momentum, it is expected that as the area increases, the velocity decreases such that the volume flow rate remains constant across all axial distances. However, the increase in volumetric flow is a result of entrainment of the stationary surrounding fluid. The turbulent flow caused by the velocity fluctuations in the shear layers contributes to an increased local velocity across the diameter of the jet, increasing volume flow rate. 6.5 Experimental Errors and Uncertainties Although this experiment has successfully demonstrated the characteristics of a free air jet as highlighted in this discussion section, numerous errors and uncertainties were still encountered throughout the experiment which could have had a potentially significant effect on the results obtained. One of the most common sources of uncertainty was the use of a ruler to measure the distance of the fluid along the manometer. This combined human error, due to the estimation of both the zero position and the final position of the fluid meniscus with systematic error, as a consequence of the ruler measuring with an uncertainty of ÂÂ ±1mm and therefore, accurate measurements for were not obtained. Similarly, the location of the necessary axial and radial positions for the pitot-tube were subject to a similar human error. The fluid in the manometer also contained several air bubbles prior to the experiment; this is a systematic error as it would subsequently affect every manometer dista nce reading. Therefore, it is possible that the results obtained for could consistently higher than expected due to the presence of these air bubbles in the fluid. The final significant error involved in this experiment was the random error associated with the changing position of the static tube. For a set axial and radial positioning of the pitot-static tube, changing the height and geometry of the static tube caused the manometer reading to alter slightly as well. Although efforts were made to maintain the location of this tube, there is still the possibility it could have caused sporadic errors in the results. To conclude, the experiment outlined in this report was successful in demonstrating the interactions of a free air jet with an ambient fluid and, subsequently, the effects of the displacement of the pitot-tube on the local velocity along the centreline and throughout the mixing region. The decreasing local velocity as displacement increased was found to be a result of turbulent fluctuations causing entrainment of ambient fluid into the path of the jet. In the experiment, the maximum velocity was found to be around 20ms-1 for a distance of 180mm along the centreline of the jet and the divergence angle was calculated to be 10.1ÂÂ °. These results were useful in introducing the basic structure of an air jet, which comprises of three main regions: the core, the mixing region, and the edge. The slight discrepancy between the measured divergence angle and the universal angle of 11.8ÂÂ ° (9) can be considered due to the inaccuracy in measuring the position of the fluid meniscus in the manometer using a ruler, producing potentially unreliable results. The findings from this experiment are statistically insignificant due to the nature of the apparatus used and the various possible sources of error, both systematic, due to air bubbles present in the manometer fluid, and human, arising from the use of a ruler for distance measurements. However, the experiment was useful in demonstrating the interactions of an air jet with its surroundings, as well as introducing the concept of internal structures within a free air jet. [1] Oxford Dictionaries, Air Jet, [Online]. Available: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/air_jet. [Accessed 24 March 2017]. [2] LearningInfo, Which Animals use Jet Propulsion, [Online]. Available: http://www.learninginfo.org/sandbox/which-animals-use-jet-propulsion.htm. [Accessed 25 March 2017]. [3] W. Grassi, Impinging Jets, 2 February 2011. [Online]. Available: http://www.thermopedia.com/content/872/ . [Accessed 24 March 2017]. [4] Wikipedia, Pitot Tube, [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitot_tube. [Accessed 25 March 2017]. [5] Efunda, Pitot Tubes Theory, [Online]. Available: http://www.efunda.com/designstandards/sensors/pitot_tubes/pitot_tubes_theory.cfm. [Accessed 26 March 2017]. [6] P. Willits, Guided Flight Discovery Private Pilot, Jeppesen Sanderson, 2004. [7] S. Houston, Pitot Static System, 13 October 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.thebalance.com/aircraft-systems-pitot-static-system-282605. [Accessed 26 March 2017]. [8] I. Gursal, Flow of a Free Air Jet, University of Bath, Bath, 2017. [9] Khan Academy, What is Volume Flow Rate, [Online]. Available: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/fluids/fluid-dynamics/a/what-is-volume-flow-rate. [Accessed 27 March 2017]. [10] Dartmouth College, Turbulent Jets, [Online]. Available: https://thayer.dartmouth.edu/~d30345d/books/EFM/chap9.pdf. [Accessed 24 March 2017]. [11] Anon, Jet, [Online]. Available: https://www.eng.fsu.edu/~shih/succeed/jet/jet.htm. [Accessed 29 March 2017].

Emily Rice Essay -- English Literature

Emily Rice Both â€Å"Lamb to the slaughter† and â€Å"The Speckled Band† shares some of the characteristics of murder mysteries. Explain the similarities and differences between the two stories and say which story you think is more compelling to read. After reading both â€Å"Lamb to the slaughter† and â€Å"The Speckled Band† I intend to analyse the stories in detail showing their similarities, differences and success in fulfilling my expectations of a murder mystery story, taking into consideration that the two stories were written at very different periods in history. In order to do this I will make comparisons between characters, settings, language and overall story line, etc. I will constantly be considering how writing techniques and styles have changed through time and how this affects the story. Finally, I will attempt to come to a conclusion stating which story is generally most compelling to read. Roald Dahl and Arthur Conan Doyle were very different authors with very different writing styles, but they shared the same love for writing stories with a twist and for pleasing their readers in their own unique ways. They were both born in different centuries, had dissimilar views and were very incomparable for their time. Arthur Conan Doyle knew what the public wanted to read, they wanted to be able to associate with and love the main character, Sherlock Holmes. In this age, crime was at an all time high and people lived in fear of crime; with knowledge of this is, he decided to create an appropriate character. So, Conan Doyle wrote of a character that could solve mysteries and counteract crime in such a way that amazed the Victorian public so much that they became dependant on the stories. This meant that Cona... ...he murderer. I found this interesting. There were very clear difference in the two stories such as the time that they were written, the style of language and general story line. But, after looking more deeply into the plot I have found out that there are a lot of similarities between the stories. Even though writing styles have changed over time, the fact that authors need to know about their readers is a very important part of writing a story. After all, if the audience don’t like reading a certain story, it is likely that the rest of the nation won’t as nationalities usually share beliefs and opinions. If a story or book contradicts the opinions of people at the time they were written, the story will most likely be unsuccessful. In conclusion, the most important factor about these two stories is that they were suitable for the time they were written.

I-Function, Pain And Memory :: Biology Essays Research Papers

I-Function, Pain And Memory Pain is capable of leaving a long lasting effect on ones life and in ones memory. It can literally "change" who "you" are. "You" change according to the input that your nervous system receives and reacts to. Permanent changes can be seen in long-term memories with the manufacturing of new proteins stored in the memory that account for the inputs. Pain can be an extremely powerful input to the nervous system with varying effects that could lay dormant for many years, stored in long-term memory. Several questions that could be posed concerning pain and long term memory involve the I-function. Can the I-function be turned off during a painful experience, but still be stored in long-term memory, able to be recalled later such as under hypnosis? Could pain cause a separation of the I-function from the physical self or a loss of ones sense of self? Many examples of pain can be quickly imagined and recalled from long or short-term memory. Certain types of pain reside deep inside the stored memory in the brain and require a special state of consciousness to bring out those memories. Pain memories associated with various actions such as rape and circumcision have been found to exist in long term memory. These painful experiences at different stages in life are separate in the way that they are remembered and recalled, but both involve feelings later of a physical violation and mental trauma due to the lack of consent. Circumcision, the removal of the foreskin over the penis, was long thought to be a painless experience for an infant and was treated accordingly with little or no anesthesia. Most of the times during the surgical procedure, the babies cry very forcefully. This was for a long time thought to be normal and healthy. Other times, they lie still without making a sound from either shock or the act of passing out from the pain (1). This unresponsiveness was always thought to be from undeveloped pain receptors, or Nociceptors in the Somatosensory system (2) . These pain receptors send information to the spinal cord, then to the brain stem, thalamus, and somatosensory cortex. Modulation can occur through these pathways by way of suppression using large mechanosensitive fibers that enter the spinal cord or by endorphine release. This modulation involves changing the information about the pain to lessen the perception of its magnitude. I-Function, Pain And Memory :: Biology Essays Research Papers I-Function, Pain And Memory Pain is capable of leaving a long lasting effect on ones life and in ones memory. It can literally "change" who "you" are. "You" change according to the input that your nervous system receives and reacts to. Permanent changes can be seen in long-term memories with the manufacturing of new proteins stored in the memory that account for the inputs. Pain can be an extremely powerful input to the nervous system with varying effects that could lay dormant for many years, stored in long-term memory. Several questions that could be posed concerning pain and long term memory involve the I-function. Can the I-function be turned off during a painful experience, but still be stored in long-term memory, able to be recalled later such as under hypnosis? Could pain cause a separation of the I-function from the physical self or a loss of ones sense of self? Many examples of pain can be quickly imagined and recalled from long or short-term memory. Certain types of pain reside deep inside the stored memory in the brain and require a special state of consciousness to bring out those memories. Pain memories associated with various actions such as rape and circumcision have been found to exist in long term memory. These painful experiences at different stages in life are separate in the way that they are remembered and recalled, but both involve feelings later of a physical violation and mental trauma due to the lack of consent. Circumcision, the removal of the foreskin over the penis, was long thought to be a painless experience for an infant and was treated accordingly with little or no anesthesia. Most of the times during the surgical procedure, the babies cry very forcefully. This was for a long time thought to be normal and healthy. Other times, they lie still without making a sound from either shock or the act of passing out from the pain (1). This unresponsiveness was always thought to be from undeveloped pain receptors, or Nociceptors in the Somatosensory system (2) . These pain receptors send information to the spinal cord, then to the brain stem, thalamus, and somatosensory cortex. Modulation can occur through these pathways by way of suppression using large mechanosensitive fibers that enter the spinal cord or by endorphine release. This modulation involves changing the information about the pain to lessen the perception of its magnitude.

Effects On The Industrial Revolution

ECONOMICALIndustrialization resulted in an increase in population and the happening of urbanization, as a growing number of people moved to urban centres in search of employment. Some individuals became very wealthy, but some lived in horrible conditions. A class of wealthy industrialists, ship owners and merchants conquered, accumulating great wealth, but at the same time the working classes had to live with minimum comforts in overcrowded environments. Children were sent to work in factories, where they were broken and ill-treated. The growth of the Industrial Revolution depended on the ability to transport raw materials and finished goods over long distances.There were three main types of transportation that increased during the Industrial Revolution: waterways, roads, and railroads. Transportation was important because people were starting to live in the West. During this time period, transportation via water was the cheapest way to move heavy products (such as coal and iron). As a result, canals were widened and deepened to allow more boats to pass. Robert Fulton made the first steam-powered engine to power a steamboat, and in 1807 he demonstrated its use by going from New York City to Albany via the Hudson River.His steamboat was able to carry raw materials across the Atlantic Ocean by the mid 1800's. The roads also improved immensely during this time period. Previously, people traveled using animals or by foot, but there were many problems with the conditions of the roads. In 1751, turnpikes were created for easier transportation, especially for the horse-drawn wagons. John Loudon McAdam made â€Å"macadam† road surfaces which consisted of crushed rock in thin layers.Thomas Telford made new foundations in roads with large flat stones. Soon after, roads across America were improved based on these techniques. The closest to trains were horses, commonly used to pull freight cars along rails. In 1801, Richard Trevithick made the first steam locomotive . These improvements on waterways, roads, and railroads all made traveling safer, and it allowed goods to be moved more efficiently.SOCIALWomen experienced large changes in their lifestyle as they took jobs in  domestic service and the textile industries, leaving the agricultural workforce and spending less time in the family home. This period also saw the creation of a middle class that enjoyed the benefits of the new prosperity. People started spending their free time entertaining themselves in theatres, concert halls and sports facilities or enjoying the countryside in long path.The Industrial Revolution was preceded by an agricultural revolution that increased the food supply while decreasing the amount of labor needed. Traditionally, the primary goal of agriculture was to produce enough food to prevent famine. This overwhelming fear of starvation made most farmers very conservative and highly skeptical of change. Poor harvests would lower the supply of food, which would resul t in increased prices. The basic effect of supply and demand was at the center of most of the class conflict in this preindustrial world.Both bad harvests and increased population affected the price of food. High prices increased the wealth of the aristocratic class and led to death and starvation among the peasants; therefore, the primary reason behind most peasant uprisings was the high price of food.POLITICALMost important, however, 19th-century Britain experienced political unrest as the industrialization and urbanization of the country created a need for social and political change. There were increasing demands for improved social welfare, education, labour rights, political rights and equality, as well as for the abolition of the slave trade and changes in the electoral system. As a result, the slave trade was abolished in 1807 and the Great Reform Act was passed by Parliament in 1832. After this Reform Act, manufacturing cities such as Birmingham and Manchester could be repr esented in Parliament for the first time, thereby substantially changing the character of parliamentary politics.The Industrial Revolution brought many changes to Europe but one of the most notable differences is urbanization. Urbanization is the process of people migrating to the cities from farms and the country. Before urbanization and the Industrial Revolution, most people were peasants and lived out in the country. Their occupation was a farmer and they generally just worked from home. However, once the Industrial Revolution started people, people started moving to cities and working in  new factories, increasing urbanization. A reason for this was that because of a surplus of food, the population increased.This supplied more labor which allowed people to start moving to cities instead of staying on the farms. Also more jobs were found in the cities compared to the farms because of new technologies that greatly increased the productivity of farming which cause the demand for farmers to decrease. However, the continuity of this change is that even though farmers were moving out the cities to find jobs, there were still farmers working in the country. Farmers were still needed to produce food for the growing population but there were less of them needed because technology replaced some the need for human labor. Urbanization was certainly a crucial change during the Industrial Revolution but there were still some features that stayed the same.

Grover Cleveland

Grover Cleveland ! Stephen Grover Cleveland was born on March 18, 1837, in Caldwell, New Jersey. Cleveland's father was a minister, originally from Connecticut, and his mother was from Baltimore. He was the ? fth of nine children, named Stephen Grover, but he did not use the name â€Å"Stephen† in his adult life. ! In 1841, his family moved to Fayetteville, New York where he spent most of his childhood. In 1850 Cleveland's father took a pastorate in Clinton, New York , and the family had to move to accommodate for his job. They moved once more in 1853 to Holland Patent, New York. Soon after the move Cleveland? s father past away. After the death of his father Cleveland dropped out of school to help support his family. A elder in his church offered to pay his college tuition if he promised to be a minister like his father, Cleveland declined, and instead decided to move West.On his way West, Cleveland stopped by his uncles house in Buffalo, New York. While there he was given a clerical job at his uncles law ? rm. Cleveland uncle was an important person in New York, and he would introduce him to a lot of in? uential men there. Cleveland later took a clerkship with the ? rm, and then became a certi? ed lawyer. Leaving his uncle? s ? rm in 1962 to start his own ? m. He built a reputation for himself as being committed and dedication to hard work. ! Cleveland stayed out of politics until 1970, where he ran for sheriff of Erie County, which he won. After his two year term as sheriff he returned to the ? eld of law, opening law ? rm with his two friends. There he found himself at the top of Buffalo's legal community. !In 1881 the democratic party leaders approached Cleveland and asked him if he would like to run for Mayor of Buffalo, he took of? ce January 2, 1882. His term as mayor gave him the reputation of being an honest politician, the reputation soon spread beyond Erie County. As Cleveland? s reputation grew, the democratic party began to consider him a p ossible nominee for governor. When the democratic convention could not decide between their two leading candidates Rosewell P. Flower, and Henry W. Slocum, Cleveland emerged as the compromise choice, and on January 1st 1883, he took of? ce winning the election by a landslide. Cleveland's blunt, honest ways as governor won him popular acclaim. ! In 1884 Cleveland was seen as a leading contender for the presidential nomination. And due to failing health of other contenders he was nominated to be the democratic nominee for the 1884 election.While the popular vote was close, with Cleveland winning by just one-quarter of a percent, the electoral votes gave Cleveland a majority of 219–182. And is sworn in as president of the United States on March 4th, 1885. ! Cleveland's ? rst term was uneventful, but was marked by ? rmness on his part to the principles which he deemed productive to the nation. He made large use of the veto power upon bills passed by Congress. On June 2, 1886, Cle veland married Frances Folsom, in the Blue Room of the white house. He was the second president to be married in the White House. After his ? st term was up the democratic party renominated Cleveland, but he lost the election, receiving 168 electoral votes, to Benjamin Harrison? s 233 votes. Even though Cleveland had lost the electoral votes, he had won the popular vote by more then 100,000 votes. Cleveland retired to private life and resumed the practice of the law in New York. ! In 1892 Cleveland was nominated for president a third time in succession. He won receiving 277 electoral votes to Harrison? s 145 (22 were cast for James B. Weaver of Iowa, the candidate of the â€Å"People's† party). Cleveland's second term included some important events.The most important was the repeal of the silver legislation, which had been a growing menace for ? fteen years. ! Cleveland's second term expired on the 4th of March 1897, and he then retired into private life. He was well respecte d, and constantly consulted on his knowledge. He was a trustee of Princeton University and Stafford Little lecturer on public affairs. And lived in New Jersey, until his death on the 24th of June 1908. Major Event During Administration ! Grover Cleveland? s ? rst term (1885-1889) was uneventful.Cleveland used his veto power sparingly. Vetoing 413 bills in his ? st term, more than two-thirds of which were private pension bills. Cleveland reduced taxation upon American citizens, due to the growing surplus of money in the United States Treasury. Cleveland was also a advocate of the tariff reform. He believed that the tariff should be reduced, this con? ict was never resolved in Cleveland? s 1885-1889 term, and would remain a problem for the upcoming elections. During his ? rst term, Cleveland appointed two justices to the supreme court. The ? rst, Lucius Q. C. Lamar in 1887, and the second Melville Fuller a few months later. ! Grover Cleveland? s second term (1893-1897) contained some notable events.The most important was the repeal of the silver legislation, this had been creeping up for the past 15 years. People would turn their coin notes in for gold, instead of silver, causing a depletion of the United States gold reserve. Cleveland repealed the act to prevent the depletion of the country's gold reserves. The problems for Cleveland didn? t stop there though. A strike began against the Pullman Company (manufacture of railroad cars) against low wages and long work hours, and by June 1894, 125,000 railroad workers were on strike, paralyzing the nations trade. Cleveland felt that a federal solution was needed.So he sent federal troops to the rail centers to insure the commerce of the united states continued. ! Having reversed the silver legislation, Cleveland? s next goal was to reverse the effects of the McKinley tariff. The Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act was ? nally passed in 1894 after many reforms by the house, this slightly reduced the United States tariff rates, and imposed a 2% income tax. Cleveland was outraged with the ? nal bill and criticized it as disgraceful product of the control of the Senate. Still he believed it was an improvement over the McKinley tariff and allowed it to become a law without his signature.Goals and Initiatives Election of 1884 ! Cleveland? s campaign for his 1884 election was focused mainly on the corruption in politics. His reputation as an opponent of corruption proved to be one of the Democrats strongest asset for the 1884 election. His opponent James G. Blaine was known to be a corrupt politician, he would corruptly in? uenced legislation in favor of the success of companies , later pro? ting on the sale of bonds he owned in them. This level of corruption made some people crowd over to Cleveland? s side, because they were more concerned with morality than with party. ! Cleveland preached honesty and ef? iency in government. Even when Cleveland was charged with fathering an illegitimate child, he immediately admitted the possibility of himself being the babies father.Election of 1888 ! Cleveland? s renomination in 1888, against Republican nominee, Benjamin Harrison, was focused mainly on the Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act. The republicans aggressively defended protective tariffs, where as Cleveland felt the tariff cost? s should be reduced. ! Cleveland was certain that he would be able to pull another victory in this election, and even though he had won the popular vote 48. 6 percent to Harrison? s 47. percent he lost the electoral vote due to slightly losing in the major game changing states. ! Election of 1892 ! The election of 1892 was a rematch of the year before, with the democrats nominating Grover Cleveland, and the republicans nominating Benjamin Harrison.Additionally, a third party had emerged on the scene: the People's Party, they had given their nomination to James B. Weaver of Iowa. ! This election was according to Cleveland biographer Allan Nevins, â€Å"the cleanest, qu ietest, and most creditable in the memory of the post-war generation† this was mostly due to the fact that Harrison? wife was dying of tuberculosis. Harrison did not personally campaign, and Cleveland followed suit out of sympathy to his political rival as not to use Mrs. Harrison's illness to his advantage. ! The issue on tariffs had worked to the republicans advantage the election before, but over the past four years the price of imported good had gotten higher and higher. So many voters who sided with Harrison the year before had turned their views to either Cleveland or Weaver of the People? s Party. In the end Cleveland won by wide margins in both the popular and electoral votes, and was elected the 24th president of the United States.Achievements ! Grover Cleveland had many achievements during his presidential career. He stopped the abandonment of the gold standard, saved land from Hawaii and to this day is the only president to serve two non-consecutive terms. Cleveland had earned the trust of the people due to his struggles to remove corruption from the political system. He is also one of the eight presidents of the United States to be printed on a bill (Paper Currency, $1,000 Bill) Evaluation ! Grover Cleveland seem? s to be the perfect politician. He was honest, fair, and experienced. I am not the only one who thought so as well.In the three times Cleveland had run for president, he had won the popular vote every time. The choices he made seemed to be very smart and evoked little hostile actions from the people of the United States.Bibliography â€Å"American President  Reference Resource: Campaigns and Elections. † Millercenter. org. The Miller Center, n. d. Web. 22 Oct. 2012. . â€Å"American President. † Millercenter. org. The Miller Center, n. d. Web. 22 Oct. 2012. . â€Å"Grover Cleveland. † Www. nndb. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 22 Oct. 2012. . â€Å"Presidents On All US Dollar Bills, Presidents On Money. † Www. marshu. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 22 Oct. 2012. .

The United States as an Empire Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The United States as an Empire - Research Paper Example An empire is defined as an extensive group of countries under the umbrella of a single supreme authority and mainly controlled by an emperor or an empress. An empire exercises control and influence over an expanded territory beyond its original boundaries while maintaining military posts or bases throughout the world. To maintain the control, an empire conducts wars of aggression on foreign lands and goes to an extent of offering protection to other countries as well. As a way of serving the less fortunate people from other countries, an empire accepts them into its realm as unskilled laborers. The United States is well endowed with powers that do not match any other nation. The absence of serious threats to the American security that gives the United States control over foreign policy choices. Lack of military threat gives the U.S opportunities for global outreach. The military capabilities enable the U.S to support its outreach ends. The U.S military has never been challenged by an y country. For instance, in the year 2012, the U.S military spending was bigger than any other spending of other influential military powers like China, Russia, the United Kingdom, Japan, France, Saudi Arabia, India, Germany, Italy, and Brazil all combined. This is why the U.S dominates military globally, keeping international deployment at the present level, and tackling international missions successfully (Buzan 2004, p.9). Even before the Americans were free, they already had intimations of greatness. The French and the Indian War demonstrated that the U.S forces were of significant size as per the eighteenth century standards, especially their armies on the North American continent. The Anglo-American victory determined their western boundaries and further gave them the confidence of rendering superpowers over other governments.